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「虛擬貨幣」新手如何購買?5款「虛擬貨幣交易所」app推薦,台灣可使用!

虛擬貨幣

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加密貨幣龐式騙局!這些地雷有多遠閃多遠

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近幾年比特幣價格快速上漲,吸引人們對於加密貨幣的興趣,對於投資者來說,投資加密貨幣市場像是一塊新天地,充斥著高報酬的獲利。但是,高報酬相對伴隨著高風險,除了加密貨幣原有波動高的風險外,還充斥著 ICO 詐騙、龐氏騙局(資金盤)和交易詐騙等風險,其因為目前法規不足且監管不力的情況下,大部分都求助無門,只能摸著鼻子默默承受損失。

許多剛接觸加密貨幣的韭菜(義同:新鮮人)一開始就遭遇詐騙而蒙受損失,就會認定全部的加密貨幣都是詐騙,一朝被蛇咬,十年怕草繩,也導致經常於新聞媒體上看到「比特幣三方詐騙」、「標榜虛擬貨幣每月保證獲利 30%,資金盤騙走投資人血汗錢」或是「ICO 項目方捲款跑路,投資人遭割上億元」等駭人新聞。

OTC 交易

購買或販售加密貨幣除了在一般的加密貨幣交易所外,還可以於 OTC 場外進行交易。但是 OTC 交易危機不少,現在多數人習慣於網路進行交易(線上購物等),直接使用銀行轉帳匯款支付,尤其是在 FB 社團和 Line 群組中,因此成為詐騙犯罪的溫床,最常見的就是匯完款項後直接封鎖或不讀不回,再加上帳號為人頭帳號或假帳號,無法追查,損失只能自負。

另外一種就是「三方詐騙」,簡單舉例,A PTT加密貨幣版 為買方、B 為詐騙、C 為賣方,A 向 B PTT加密貨幣版 購買加密貨幣而 C 向 B 販售加密貨幣,B 將 C 的匯款資料交給 A,等 A 確實將款項匯至 C 的銀行帳戶,C 收到了匯款認為是 B PTT加密貨幣版 匯款而將加密貨幣給了 B,而 A 則支付了款項而沒有收到加密貨幣。

雖然詐騙猖狂,但是還是有辦法預防,例如向對方進行 KYC 認證,利用視訊電話來進行身份認證,檢查身份證和銀行帳戶是否為本人,或者最直接的方式就是面交。不過面交也是需要保持警戒,盡量相約在安全、人多或者銀行貴賓室等,避免對方假借交易名義而搶劫。

ICO 詐騙

首次公開募資(Initial Coin Offering, ICO)的出現,讓許多人可以參與並享受到投資的樂趣。可以快速的為眾多新想法提供資金。它跨越了法律的監管,讓每一位投資者投入資金,而不僅僅是經過監管單位認證的投資者,而且他們不需要銀行帳戶或大量監管認證。早期投資者可以從中獲得初始產生的代幣作為回報,由於代幣具有市場價值,因此投資者能將代幣兌換成法幣獲得報酬。再加上當時代幣的報酬率高得嚇人,各個投資人爭相搶購 ICO 額度,常有一夕之間成為億萬富翁的傳聞。

但上面提到的,高報酬伴隨著高風險,基本上 ICO 項目缺乏政府和機構的監管,因此許多打著 ICO 項目募資名號,其實項目根本只有皮而沒有骨,俗稱的空殼公司。募完了資金後,跑路、不做事常有所聞,也因此需要更嚴謹的盡職調查才不會掉入 ICO 騙局

龐氏騙局(資金盤)

非法性質的層壓式推銷或稱「金字塔式騙局」的商業推銷模式,吸引投資者並利用近其投資者的資金向早期投資者支付利潤。意味著所賺的錢是來自其他新加入的參與者,而非業務本身所賺的錢,即所謂「拆東牆補西牆」。

例如:加密貨幣投資每個月利息保底 30% 的口號吸引投資者,其只須先繳交一筆入會費用即可加入。除此之外會不斷吸引新的投資者加入支付費用,以支付上線投資者的投資與利潤,前幾個月投資者很大的機會能在時間內拿回獲利,有些人會將獲利入袋為安,但有些人則食隨之味,繼續將獲利投入。然後不久開始還款時間逐漸拉長,隨著更多人加入,資金流入不足支出,騙局泡沫爆破時,最下線的大量投資者便會蒙受金錢損失,成為受害者。

作者簡介_桑幣筆記
桑幣筆記 Zombit 為專業的區塊鏈財經自媒體,利用自身的金融和區塊鏈知識,提供區塊鏈相關的時事新聞、專題專欄、新手教學和趨勢週報等,協助大眾吸收正確的資訊。